The cytotoxicity effect of andaliman was rationalized by the gene expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in a non-dose-dependent manner. Andaliman ethanolic extract showed potential bioactivity to inhibit the growth of WiDr and HCT-116 cells in vitro with IC50 of 95.61 μg.mL-1 and 94.64 μg.mL-1, respectively. Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were used as the markers for the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic gene expression analysis, respectively. The anti-proliferative effect was evaluated using the MTT test, and the underlying mechanism of inhibition was examined using the Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Hoechst staining. Andaliman fruits were extracted using ethanol. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potency of Andaliman fruit to inhibit the proliferation of HCT-116 and WiDr colon cancer cells and its underlying mechanism of inhibition. Traditionally, it is also known to have health benefits in the gastrointestinal tract however no studies have reported it. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) is an exotic spice from North Sumatra (Indonesia) commonly added to enrich the flavor of Bataknese ethnic food because of its unique aroma and trigeminal sensation.
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